Bacterial resistance profile in urocultures referred to the Microbiology Laboratory at the Regional Hospital of Coronel Oviedo, 2020-2021

Abstract

Urinary tract infections are frequent pathologies nowadays and it is difficult to establish a good antibiotic treatment without first knowing the level of resistance of the bacteria causing the infection in the patient. Bacterial resistance is a problem that has been affecting public health for decades, with a constant gradual increase, which makes infections more difficult to treat because bacteria are increasingly resistant to antibiotics. This descriptive study, with a quantitative approach, analyzes the resistance pro- file of urine cultures submitted to the Microbiology laboratory at the Regional Hospital of Coronel Oviedo during the period 2020- 2021. As a result, 124 positive urine cultures were analyzed du- ring the period 2020-2021. The most relevant results indicate that the most frequently isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli presented greater resistance to Ampicillin/Sulbactam, also to some Fluoroquinolones and to most of the Cephalosporins. Klebsiella pneumoniae presented greater resistance to Fluoroquinolones, especially to Norfloxacin and to some Cephalosporins and Aminoglycosides. The prevalence of BLEE-producing bacteria was 16%, most of the positive BLEE corresponded to Klebsiella pneumoniae, followed by Escherichia coli and Pseudomona aeruginosa. Physicians, both in public and private institutions, are recommended to prescribe antibiotics only if they are aware of the resistance and sensitivity profile of the bacteria at the local level; otherwise, they should request urine cultures and antibiograms.